The course offers a broad overview of energy production and consumption, focusing on the various renewable sources used and their characteristics in terms of cost and environmental sustainability compared to fossil fuels. The key concepts that distinguish the sources and different energy carriers are explained with reference to their fields of application, introducing examples and case studies of the various implications in the electricity sector, in meeting the heating needs of buildings and in mobility. Particular attention will be paid to the topic of different storage technologies, including the use of hydrogen. Finally, in light of the topics covered, scenarios of evolution and social impact related to the development of renewables will be presented with reference to new “green” models of energy production, sharing and consumption (renewable energy communities-REC, e-mobility, green hydrogen, etc.).