The increasing penetration of Electric Vehicles (EVs) into distribution networks entails significant technical and operational implications. The rise in peak demand due to simultaneous charging may lead to transformer and distribution line overloading, while the variability of charging profiles introduces voltage fluctuations and power quality issues, such as harmonics and phase imbalances.
Moreover, higher overall network losses can result in reduced efficiency. These challenges highlight
the need for advanced planning and management strategies, including smart charging, the integration of
energy storage systems, and the adoption of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) technologies, in order to ensure the
stability and reliability of the power system.